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S100 Proteins

What are S100 proteins? 

S100 proteins are a subgroup of proteins which regulate intracellular processes such as cell growth and motility, cell cycle regulation, transcription and differentiation. They are characterised by two calcium binding sites of the helix-loop-helix conformation, and at least 21 members have been identified so far. S100B is one member of this subgroup that is primarily found in the cytoplasm of astrocytes. It regulates cell shape, energy metabolism, and intracellular signal transduction1. Serum S100B has been used as a marker for CNS damage, particularly in astrocytes, as well as a marker of blood-brain-barrier disruption. Evidence has also implicated S100B as a potential susceptibility gene in schizophrenia.

What is the evidence on S100 proteins?

Moderate to high quality evidence found a large increase in S100B protein levels in serum of people with schizophrenia.

October 2020

Last updated at: 3:37 am, 27th October 2020
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NeuRA Libraries

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